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  class 9 Sst ncert notes for ctet •democracy is a form of government in which the rulers are elected by the people. •The army rulers of Myanmar were not elected by the people. Dictators like Pinochet (Chile) are not elected by the people. This also applies to monarchies. The kings of Saudi Arabia rule not because the people have chosen them. •Democracy gives every man the right to be his own oppressor. Democracy consists of choosing your dictators after they’ve told you what you think it is you want to hear. Man’s capacity for justice makes democracy possible, but man’s inclination to injustice makes democracy necessary. Democracy is a device that insures we shall be governed no better than we deserve. All the ills of democracy can be cured by more democracy. •In Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf led a military coup in October 1999. He overthrew a democratically elected government and declared himself the ‘Chief Executive’ of the country. Later he changed his designation to President

 ch1 (Evs ctet preparation by ncert ) Anjali sharma notes •male insects can recognise their females by their smell. •Mosquitoes can find you by the smell of your body. They also find you by the smell of the sole of your feet and the heat of your body. •silkworm find female worm from many kilometres away by her smell •Most of the birds have their eyes on either side of the head. Their eyes can focus on two different things at a time. When they look straight ahead, both their eyes focus on the same object.Most of the birds' eyes are fixed and cannot move. So birds have to turn their heads to look around. •When a bird focuses both eyes on an object, it can estimate the distance. When its eyes focus on two different things, it increases its range of vision •Some birds like kites, eagles, vultures can see four times as far as we can. These birds can see things from a distance of eight metres what we can see from a distance of two metres. •snakes only feel the vibrations on the ground. •

 class 4th evs ncert practice for ctet  ch2 •Those animals whose ears you can see have hair on their body. These animals give birth to the young ones. Those animals that do not have ears on the outside, do not have hair on their body. These animals lay eggs •A bird has tiny holes on both sides of its head. Generally, the holes are covered with feathers. They help the bird to hear ch3 •an adult elephant can eat more than 100 kilograms of leaves and twigs in one day? Elephants do not rest very much. They sleep for only two to four hours in a day. Elephants love to play with mud and water. The mud keeps their skin cool. Their big ears also work like fans. The elephants flap these to keep themselves cool. •An elephant herd has mainly females and baby elephants. The oldest female is the leader of the herd. A herd may have 10 to 12 female elephants and young ones. Male elephants live in the herd till they are 14–15 years old. Then they leave their herd and move around alone.  ch4 •Khejadli v